How to Grow Licorice Root
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Licorice Root
Glycyrrhiza glabra
herbLicorice root is a perennial herbaceous plant native to Western Asia and the Mediterranean region, prized for its sweet-tasting roots used in traditional medicine and confectionery. The plant produces small pale blue or purple flowers and compound leaves, with the real value lying in the rhizomes and roots that develop underground over several years. It has been used for thousands of years in both Eastern and Western herbal medicine traditions.
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Example Licorice Root timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Licorice Root
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Licorice Root
Late summer into fallBefore the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)
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Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives best in zones 6-9; can be grown in zone 5 with winter protection
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Get my Licorice Root timeline →Growth Stages
Seedling
3-6 weeksTiny seedlings emerge with simple leaves; growth is very slow in the first few weeks
Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; provide warmth (70-75°F); thin seedlings to proper spacing; be patient as germination is often slow and erratic
Vegetative Growth (Year 1-2)
12-24 monthsPlant develops compound pinnate leaves and establishes a root system; above-ground growth is modest, with most energy going underground
Water moderately during growing season; mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds; remove any flower buds in first 2 years to encourage root development; apply balanced fertilizer sparingly
Established Growth (Year 2-4)
24-36 monthsPlant grows taller (2-3 feet), develops more robust foliage, and begins flowering; underground rhizomes and roots become thicker and more substantial
Allow flowering to proceed; reduce nitrogen fertilizer to encourage root sweetness; continue moderate watering; stake tall plants if needed; monitor for pests and diseases
Root Maturation (Year 3-5)
12-24 monthsUnderground rhizomes and roots accumulate glycyrrhizin (the sweet compound) and develop fuller flavor; plant above-ground appearance remains relatively stable
Maintain consistent care; reduce disturbance to plants; water only during dry spells; avoid overfeeding; be patient—roots need at least 3-5 years to develop adequate size and sweetness
Harvest Ready
VariableRoots are thick, sweet, and fully developed; plant has been growing for minimum 3 years (5 years is better)
Harvest in fall or early spring when plant is dormant; carefully excavate entire root system; can replant root cuttings for new crop
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Ensure excellent drainage; avoid overwatering; remove affected plants; do not replant in same location for several years; use fungicide if necessary
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Remove affected leaves; improve air circulation; apply sulfur or copper fungicide; avoid wetting foliage
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Spray with water to dislodge; use insecticidal soap; increase humidity around plants
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Use yellow sticky traps; spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil; remove heavily infested leaves
Uses
Traditional herbal remedy
MedicinalLicorice root has been used for thousands of years in Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ayurveda to soothe digestive issues, reduce inflammation, support respiratory health, and balance hormones. It is commonly brewed as a tea or used in herbal formulations. [source]
Confectionery and flavoring
CulinaryThe naturally sweet compound in licorice root is extracted and used to flavor candy, herbal teas, beverages, and traditional licorice candies. The root can be chewed for prolonged release of flavor or brewed into sweet tea. [source]
Respiratory and throat support
MedicinalLicorice root contains compounds that soothe irritated mucous membranes in the throat and respiratory tract, making it valuable in herbal cough syrups, lozenges, and throat sprays. [source]
Skin and wellness applications
MedicinalExtracted licorice compounds are used in cosmetics, skincare products, and supplements to address skin inflammation, improve complexion, and support overall wellness. [source]
Natural sweetener and food additive
HouseholdLicorice extract is used as a natural sweetening and flavoring agent in foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals without adding calories, making it valuable for natural product formulation. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Harvest roots after a minimum of 3 years of growth, preferably 5 years, when the plant dies back in fall or early spring before growth resumes. Carefully dig around the plant to expose the entire root system without damaging the rhizomes. Roots should be thick, sweet to taste, and have developed good flavor. Clean roots gently, dry completely before storage or use. Can save small root pieces with buds to replant for the next crop.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 Licorice root is one of the oldest herbal remedies in human history, with documented use dating back over 4,000 years in ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt.
- 🌱 The name 'licorice' comes from Greek words meaning 'sweet root,' and the plant's sweetness comes from glycyrrhizin, a compound about 50 times sweeter than sugar.
- 🌱 Licorice root takes at least 3-5 years to develop harvestable roots, making it a long-term investment; medieval monks would plant licorice knowing they would never taste the harvest themselves.
Gardening Terms
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