How to Grow Attar of Roses
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Attar of Roses
Rosa damascena
shrubAttar of Roses refers to Rosa damascena, a highly fragrant damask rose prized for centuries for its intensely aromatic essential oil. This deciduous to semi-evergreen shrub produces deeply fragrant pink to red flowers and is the primary source of rose oil used in perfumery and traditional medicine. The plant has been cultivated since ancient times, particularly in the Middle East and Asia.
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Example Attar of Roses timeline · Pittsburgh, PA (Zone 6b)
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Plant Attar of Roses
Around Apr 17Near Pittsburgh's average last spring frost.
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Tend & protect
Late spring–summerWatering, feeding, and pest-watch reminders.
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Harvest Attar of Roses
Late summer into fallBefore the first fall frost (≈ Nov 8)
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Growing Conditions
Soil
Growing Zones
Find your zone →Thrives in zones 5-9, with best fragrance production in zones 6-8
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Get my Attar of Roses timeline →Growth Stages
Establishment
First yearYoung transplant developing roots and initial shoots
Water regularly without waterlogging. Protect from harsh winds. Do not allow flowering first year. Mulch around base but keep away from graft union.
Vegetative Growth
Year 2Bush develops multiple canes with healthy foliage; limited flowering the second year
Prune to establish strong framework. Remove any diseased wood. Apply balanced fertilizer monthly during growing season. Continue protection from extreme conditions.
Early Flowering
Years 3-4Plant produces scattered flowers; foliage is full and vigorous
Deadhead spent blooms to encourage more flowering. Begin harvesting petals when available. Apply rose fertilizer with higher phosphorus in spring.
Full Production
Years 5+Mature shrub produces abundant deeply fragrant pink to red flowers in spring and early summer
Harvest petals in early morning when fragrance is strongest. Prune after flowering to maintain shape. Fertilize monthly during blooming season. Watch closely for pests.
Dormancy
2-3 monthsPlant loses leaves in late fall/winter; appears inactive
Reduce watering significantly. Apply dormant oil spray if needed. Prune lightly in late winter to remove dead wood. Mulch to protect roots in cold zones.
Companion Planting
Plan your garden →Plant with:
Avoid planting near:
Common Pests
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Handpick in early morning, use pheromone traps, apply neem oil, encourage natural predators
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Spray with strong water stream, use insecticidal soap, apply neem oil, introduce ladybugs
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Remove and destroy infected plants, control mite vectors with sulfur sprays, source disease-free plants
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Improve air circulation, spray with sulfur or potassium bicarbonate, avoid wetting foliage, prune infected growth
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Increase humidity, spray with water, apply neem oil or horticultural oil, encourage predatory mites
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Prune affected canes, apply spinosad, encourage parasitic wasps
Uses
Rose Water & Flavoring
CulinaryRose petals and distilled rose water are used in Middle Eastern and Indian cuisines for desserts, beverages, and savory dishes. Rose water adds a delicate floral flavor to syrups, jams, and confections. [source]
Essential Oil & Traditional Medicine
MedicinalRose otto (attar) has been valued in traditional medicine for stress relief, skin care, and emotional balance. The essential oil is believed to have anti-inflammatory and antidepressant properties and is widely used in aromatherapy. [source]
Perfumery & Fragrance
HouseholdRosa damascena is the primary source of rose otto used in high-end perfumes and fragrances. The oil commands premium prices and is an essential ingredient in many classic and modern fragrances. [source]
Dried Petals & Potpourri
CraftDried rose petals are used in potpourri, sachet pillows, craft projects, and decorative arrangements. The petals retain fragrance for months when properly dried. [source]
Natural Skincare
HouseholdRose water and rose oil are key ingredients in natural skincare products for their soothing and rejuvenating properties. Homemade rose face waters and salves have been traditional beauty treatments for centuries. [source]
This is not medical advice. LizPlants is not a medical resource. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using plants medicinally.
Harvest Tips
Harvest petals in early morning after dew dries but before sun becomes intense, as fragrance is strongest. Pick blooms just as they begin to open. For essential oil production, harvest at peak bloom. Collect petals by gently removing them from the bloom. Fresh petals should be processed immediately or dried on screens in shade for 1-2 weeks. A mature damask rose plant can yield 150-300 blooms per season.
Fun Facts
- 🌱 A single pound of rose otto requires approximately 60,000 rose blossoms and yields only about 1 teaspoon of essential oil, making it one of the most expensive essential oils in the world.
- 🌱 Rosa damascena has been cultivated in the Valley of Roses in Kazanlak, Bulgaria for over 300 years, producing the world's finest rose oil; Bulgaria exports nearly 70% of the world's rose oil.
- 🌱 The fragrance of damask roses is so prized that Grasse, France has been a center for rose oil production since the 17th century, and the scent is still a core component of many iconic perfumes like Chanel No. 5.
Gardening Terms
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